List each of your references here in the style of a references page in APA format. As Canvas does not support indents, do not be concerned with indenting each reference.

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

This prompt is an essay question asking you to list references in APA style, and explicitly notes that indentation (hanging indent) is not required because Canvas does not support indents. Since there are no answer choices to evaluate, we will focus on providing a thorough, step-by-step approach to constructing an APA-style references page.

First, understand the goal: create a References page that lists every source cited in your work, formatted according to APA guidelines, and place it on a separate page at the end of your document with the title References centered at the top (not bolded, not underlined, unless your instructor specifies otherwise).

Next, determine the order of entries: arrange all references alphabetically by the surname of the first author of each work. If there is no author, use the title (omitting any initial articles like A, An, The) and alphabetize by the first significant word of the title. If you have multiple works by the same author, order them by publication year, oldest to newest.

Now consider the general formatting rules that apply to most APA references (7th edition):
- Use a readable font (e.g., 12-point Times New Roman or 11-point Calibri) and double-spacing throughout the References page.
- Use a hanging indent if your platform supports it; since Canvas does not, you should still present entries in a clear, flush-left style with a line break between entries and ensure each reference begins on its own line. If you cannot create a true hanging indent, you can simulate readability by adding a blank line between entries, or by indenting the second line of each entry manually if your platform allows it. Follow your instructor’s guidance.
- For each reference, include: author(s) last name followed by initials, publication year in parentheses, title of the work in sentence case (only proper nouns capitalized), and source information (publisher for books; journal name in title case with volume and issue numbers for articles; DOI or URL if applicable).
- When listing multiple authors, use an ampersand before the last author (e.g., Smith, J. A., & Doe, R. B.). If there are more than 20 authors, list the first 19, insert an ellipsis, and then add the final author's name (this rule can be adjusted to fit instructor preferences).

Then tailor references to different source types with approximate templates:
- Books: Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of work: Subtitle if any (edition if not first). Publisher.
- Journal articles: Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume(issue), page range. https://doi.org/xxxx
- Web pages: Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of page. Site Name. URL

Be mindful of capitalization rules: in book titles and article titles, only the first word of the title and subtitle and proper nouns are capitalized, while the journal title is in title case.

If your sources include DOIs or URLs, include them at the end of the reference. Do not place a period after a DOI/URL to avoid breaking the link.

Before finalizing, verify consistency:
- Are all entries double-spaced (or formatted as required by your platform)?
- Are author names formatted as Last, F. M. with initials and correct punctuation? 
- Are titles in sentence case for articles and books, with only proper nouns capitalized? 
- Are journal names in title case and italicized along with volume numbers? (Illustrate with italics where appropriate in your final document.)

Finally, review for any missing citations: every source on the References page should correspond to an in-text citation in your document, and vice versa. If your assignment provides a rubric or a template, align the formatting to those specifics, since some instructors may prefer slight deviations from standard APA.

In practice, you would now generate a list with each source formatted according to these guidelines, ensuring alphabetical order by author surname and applying the appropriate structure for each source type. Since the prompt notes indents are not required, emphasize readability and consistent formatting within the platform’s constraints while adhering to APA conventions as closely as possible.

ENES140 Term Project - Part 3: Competitive Strategy

List each of your references here in the style of a references page in APA format. As Canvas does not support indents, do not be concerned with indenting each reference.

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