Which of the following best explains why a patient with osteoarthritis of the knees experiences pain when climbing stairs?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When tackling why knee osteoarthritis pain occurs during stair climbing, we start by considering what OA does to the joint structure and how that translates to pain during load-bearing activities.
Option 1: 'Increased alveolar surface area to promote breathing' addresses pulmonary anatomy. This has no direct link to knee joint pain or the mechanical stress of stair climbing, making it an unrelated explanation.
Option 2: 'High dopamine levels from exertion' involves neurochemical responses to effort, but osteoarthritis pain is primarily a mechanical and inflammatory issue within the joint, not a direct result of dopaminergic changes during stair climbing.
Option 3: 'Loss of cartilage increases bone friction' aligns with the core pathology of OA: degeneration of the articular cartilage reduces its ability to cushion the joint, causing bones to rub against one another more directly and increasing friction. This mechanical degradation worsens with weight-bearing activities like climbing stairs, leading to pain.
Option 4: 'Excess insulin secretion from climbing stairs' seems to mix metabolic processes with a mechanical activity; however, insulin secretion is not a direct driver of OA pain or knee joint friction in this context, making this option biologically mismatched.
Option 5: 'Low hemoglobin due to osteoarthritis' suggests anemia caused by OA, which is not a typical or direct consequence of osteoarthritis and does not explain the pain experienced during stair climbing.
Overall, the most coherent and accurate mechanism among the choices is the deterioration of cartilage leading to increased friction between joint surfaces, which manifests as pain during activities like stair climbing. The other options fail to connect to the knee joint mechanics or OA pathology in a plausible way.

BMI5102 BMI5102 Final Assessment Section - MCQs & SAQs

Which of the following best explains why a patient with osteoarthritis of the knees experiences pain when climbing stairs?

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