Osteoarthritis is:

Question

Osteoarthritis is:

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Question: Osteoarthritis is:

Option 1: 'bilateral joint inflammation' — This description aligns more closely with inflammatory arthritides such as rheumatoid arthritis, which often presents with bilateral joint involvement and inflammatory features. However, osteoarthritis (OA) is primarily a degenerative, noninflammatory process, so this option mischaracterizes OA as chiefly an inflammatory condition.

Option 2: 'inflammation of bone with ligament swelling' — This phrasing is imprecise and misleading. OA does involve changes in cartilage and bone, but the statement ties OA to inflammation of bone with ligament swelling, which does not capture the typical pathophysiology and is not the standard description of OA.

Option 3: 'inflamed bone and cartilage causing swelling' — This option suggests active inflammation of bone and cartilage leading to swelling. While OA can feature bone changes and cartilage degeneration and may have some inflammatory components, OA is not primarily defined by acute inflammation of bone and cartilage; inflammatory cells are not the central feature in the classic description of OA pathology. This makes the statement partially inaccurate as a definition of OA.

Option 4: 'inflammation of a bone joint causing bone hypertrophy' — This option states inflammation of a joint with bone hypertrophy. Although OA is best described as a degenerative joint disease with cartilage loss, subchondral bone changes, and osteophyte (bone spur) formation, osteophyte development constitutes bone hypertrophy around the joint. The wording emphasizes joint inflammation alongside hypertrophic bone changes. While OA is not classically defined as primarily inflammatory, the combination of joint involvement and bone hypertrophy via osteophyte formation aligns more with OA’s characteristic structural changes than the other options. In many educational contexts, OA is associated with degenerative changes and adaptive bone growth (hypertrophy/osteophytes) around the joint, which supports selecting this option as the closest to the OA description given the choices provided.

Key takeaway: Among the options, the fourth option mentions bone hypertrophy, reflecting the osteophyte formation seen in OA, whereas the other choices emphasize inflammatory patterns that are not the defining feature of OA. The nuance here is that OA is classically degenerative rather than primarily inflammatory, but the presence of hypertrophic bone changes is a distinguishing feature that this option captures more accurately than the others.

hk_264_120258_248438 Chapter 6 Self Test: Musculo/skeletal System

Osteoarthritis is:

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