Question at position 13 Jill puts up an umbrella toescape the rain. She begins usingan umbrella every time it rains. Question Blank 1 of 1[input]

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The prompt presents a scenario in which Jill uses an umbrella when it rains and continues to use it on subsequent rainy occasions.
First, I restate the key elements: Jill’s behavior is the action of using an umbrella, and the context is rainy weather.
Since the behavior (using the umbrella) is reinforced by a consequence that allows her to stay dry (removal or avoidance of the aversive rain condition), this aligns with operant conditioning, where behaviors are shaped by their consequences.
In terms of learning theory, this example demonstrates negative reinforcement: the removal of a negative state (being rained on) increases the likelihood that she will perform the umbrella-using behavior again in the future when it rains.
A related interpretation is habit formation: the behavior becomes more automatic with repeated reinforcement, as the association between rain and umbrella use strengthens over time.
Now, considering possible alternative explanations (even though no other options are provided here):
- Classical conditioning would involve pairing a neutral stimulus with a reflexive response, not the maintenance of a voluntary behavior via its consequences.
- Observational learning would require watching others perform the behavior and imitate it, which isn’t specified in the scenario.
- Positive reinforcement would involve the introduction of a rewarding stimulus after the behavior, which isn’t the central mechanism described here since the reward is the avoidance of an aversive stimulus rather than the addition of something pleasant.
- Punishment would decrease a behavior, which contradicts the repeated umbrella use.
Thus, the core idea is that Jill’s umbrella-using behavior is maintained by negative reinforcement within the operant conditioning framework, reflecting how consequences shape voluntary behavior over time.

Question at position 13 Jill puts up an umbrella toescape the rain. She begins usingan umbrella every time it rains. Question Blank 1 of 1[input]

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