What category of octet exception does this molecule belong to?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To determine the right category for octet exceptions, I will evaluate each option in turn.
Option 1: 'Molecules or polyatomic ions with an odd number of electrons' — This describes radicals, which indeed have odd numbers of electrons, leading to unpaired electrons and typically reactive species. However, this is a different class of exceptions tied to electron count parity rather than octet expansion, so it does not characterize the specific octet-exception category that involves expanded valence shells.
Option 2: 'Molecules or polyatomic ions with atoms that have fewer than an octet of valence electrons' — This would refer to electron-deficient species or bonds where atoms do not achieve a full octet in typical Lewis structures. While this is a real concept (e.g., certain boranes or species with electron deficiency), it is the opposite scenario to octet expansion and thus does not describe the common hypervalent case.
Option 3: 'Molecules or polyatomic ions with atoms that have more than an octet of valence electrons' — This correctly identifies hypervalent molecules, where central atoms accommodate more than eight electrons in their valence shell, often via expanded octets using d-orbital participation or resonance. This category is the standard description of octet expansion and includes species like SF6 or IF7.
Option 4: 'This molecule does not violate the octet rule' — If the molecule in question truly exhibits an expanded octet, then it does violate the traditional octet rule. Declaring that it does not violate would be incorrect for hypervalent cases.
In summary, the first option focuses on radicals with odd electron counts, the second on electron deficiency, the third on expanded octets (hypervalent species), and the fourth incorrectly asserts no octet violation. Therefore, the third option best matches the concept of octet exceptions that involve atoms having more than an octet of valence electrons.

CHEM 110 Section 3 (PM) SP25 Pre-Lecture 16 Quiz C07-4-6

What category of octet exception does this molecule belong to?

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