In the first level of DNA organization, eight histones come together to form a small spool, or bead, that winds a short segment of DNA. This spool, or bead, is called a ______.

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In this question, we’re asked to identify the term for the bead-like unit formed when eight histones come together to wind a short piece of DNA at the first level of DNA organization.
Option 1: 'nuclear bead' — This phrasing is not the standard term used in chromatin structure. The 'nuclear bead' might sound plausible, but the canonical term is different, and textbooks consistently use the term associated with histone-DNA complexes rather than a generic descriptor.
Option 2: 'histone' — Histones are the protein components around which DNA winds, but the histones themselves aggregate into a larger structure. Here, the word we want denotes the combined structure that includes histones and the DNA segment, not the protein itself.
Option 3: 'acetylation group' — An acetylation group refers to a chemical modification that can occur on histones influencing chromatin compaction and gene expression. It is not the name of the structural unit formed by histones and DNA.
Option 4: 'nucleosome' — This is the precise term for the repeating bead-like unit consisting of eight histone proteins around which ~146 base pairs of DNA are wrapped. It represents the fundamental level of chromatin organization and the canonical description matches the scenario given in the question.
Thus, evaluating all options, the correct concept is the nucleosome, while the other choices either refer to components, modifications, or nonstandard terminology that do not name the bead-like DNA–histone complex described. The distinction hinges on recognizing that a nucleosome is the specific structural unit formed by histone proteins and DNA at this level of packaging.

APBIO142-030 with labs 19.01 to 19.03 - Video Quiz

In the first level of DNA organization, eight histones come together to form a small spool, or bead, that winds a short segment of DNA. This spool, or bead, is called a ______.

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