Use the information from the previous question for the following question:

As a follow on, you have the option to abandon your restaurant business. After running the business for five years, you will have a better idea about the growth in demand. At year 5, you can continue to run the business or abandon it. If you abandon the restaurant, you will sell it for $200 in year 5.

What is the the expected value (i.e. average) of the NPV of the restaurant business that includes the option to abandon if the business is performing poorly? Use 10,000 simulations for calculation.

Question

Use the information from the previous question for the following question:

As a follow on, you have the option to abandon your restaurant business. After running the business for five years, you will have a better idea about the growth in demand. At year 5, you can continue to run the business or abandon it. If you abandon the restaurant, you will sell it for $200 in year 5.

What is the the expected value (i.e. average) of the NPV of the restaurant business that includes the option to abandon if the business is performing poorly? Use 10,000 simulations for calculation.

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To tackle this problem, we first restate what is being asked and what information is at hand. The question asks for the expected value (the average) of the Net Present Value (NPV) of a restaurant business when an abandonment option exists after year 5, where abandoning yields $200 in year 5. It also specifies that 10,000 simulations should be used to estimate this value. Notably, there are no multiple-choice options provided, so we’ll focus on the method and reasoning behind the simulation-based EV of NPV with an abandonment option.

First, clarify the decision framework and what abandonment adds to NPV. In a scenario with an abandonment option, at the end of year 5 the owner can either continue the business or sell it for a known cash inflow (here, $200 in year 5). The presence of this option typically increases the NPV because it provides a downside hedge: if performance is poor, you can extract a salvage value rather than continuing with negative cash flows. Therefore, the quantity to compute is the expected NPV across many simulated paths, where each path reflects the possible realization of cash flows up to year 5 and the optimal decision at year 5 (abandon if it improves the NPV, otherwise continue).

Here’s a step-by-step outline of how you would perform the calculation conceptually, incorporating the 10,000 simulations as requested:
- Step 1: Model the stochastic cash flows. Define how yearly cash flows prior to year 5 are generated in each simulation. This depends on the data from the previous question (growth in demand, costs, revenue volatility, etc.). Each simulation draws a potential realization of the five-year cash flow path.
- Step 2: Determine the year-5 decision rule. At year 5, compare two options within each simulated path:
  a) Abandon: take the salvage value of $200 in year 5, which is treated as a cash inflow at year 5.
  b) Continue: project the subsequent cash flows beyond year 5 (or, more precisely, compute the NPV of continuing from year 5 onward) using the assumed discount rate and future expectations for demand and profitability.
  The optimal choice is the one that yields the higher NPV for that particular simulation path. This is the standard “real option” approach: exercise the option in the scenario where it adds more value.
- Step 3: For each simulation, compute the NPV of the entire path with the optimal abandonment decision applied at year 5. This yields one NPV value per simulation.
- Step 4: Average the 10,000 NPVs to obtain the estimated expected value of the NPV with the abandonment option. This empirical mean converges to the true EV as the number of simulations increases.

Important considerations and potential pitfalls:
- The discount rate used for NPV should be consistent across all simulations and should reflect the opportunity cost of capital or the required return for this project.
- If the problem includes optional stopping or path-dependent features beyond year 5, ensure the simulation captures them correctly (e.g., any post-year-5 options or revenue processes that depend on the year-5 outcome).
- If the previous question provided a specific distribution or parameters for demand growth, price, costs, or other cash-flow drivers, those inputs must be carried through each Monte Carlo draw to generate realistic paths.
- Since the result is an average over many random scenarios, the reported value (20.36 in the provided answer) would be an empirical estimate, subject to the usual Monte Carlo sampling error. With 10,000 simulations, the standard error should be reasonably small, but you could report a confidence interval as additional information if desired.

In summary, the approach relies on constructing 10,000 simulated five-year cash-flow paths, applying the optimal year-5 decision in each path (abandon if it improves the NPV, otherwise continue), computing the resulting NPV for each path, and then averaging those NPVs to obtain the expected value. The absence of explicit answer choices means the interpretation focuses on the method and its integrity rather than selecting a label from given options. If you were to replicate this computation in a tool, you would implement a loop over 10,000 iterations, inside which you simulate the five-year cash flows, evaluate both abandonment and continuation options at year 5, choose the higher-NPV path, and accumulate the results to compute the final average.

BAN-6080-B Practice Final Exam

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