Neanderthal dietary and subsistence patterns were primarily based on _____. E2.2124

Question

Neanderthal dietary and subsistence patterns were primarily based on _____.  E2.2124

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When evaluating Neanderthal dietary and subsistence patterns, several possibilities come to mind and warrant careful consideration.
Option 1: Fishing. While there is some evidence of coastal or riverine site use and occasional fish remains at certain Neanderthal sites, fishing was not the predominant subsistence strategy across their range. Most sites show greater emphasis on large terrestrial game than on fish, making this answer less representative of the broader pattern.
Option 2: Herding domesticated animals. Neanderthals predate widespread domestication of animals, and there is no consistent archaeological evidence that they engaged in herd management of domesticated species. This option misattributes Neanderthal subsistence to a behavior more typical of later Homo sapiens in some regions, hence not generally accurate.
Option 3: Agriculture. There is no convincing evidence that Neanderthals practiced agriculture. Agricultural behavior involves deliberate cultivation and plant domestication, which is associated with modern human populations after the late Paleolithic. Lack of clear plant domestication signals makes this option unlikely as a primary pattern.
Option 4: Scavenging. While scavenging occurred as a supplementary strategy at times, the weight of evidence indicates that Neanderthals were active hunters who pursued large quarry. Scavenging does not capture the primary subsistence pattern demonstrated by many sites, which centers on hunting and processing large mammals.
Option 5: Hunting large mammals. Across multiple sites and regions, robust faunal assemblages point to systematic hunting of large terrestrial game as a central component of Neanderthal diet and subsistence. Cut marks, tool use, and kill-site patterns consistently align with pursuing large mammals such as mammoths, bison, elk, and deer, indicating that this was the main subsistence strategy for Neanderthals.
In summary, while alternative activities like fishing or scavenging occurred in certain contexts, the most representative and frequently documented pattern for Neanderthal diet and subsistence is the hunting of large mammals, reflecting their reliance on high-return prey and specialized hunting techniques.

Sp25 ANTH D001 02Y Phys Anthro Exam 2 (online asynchronous)

Neanderthal dietary and subsistence patterns were primarily based on _____. E2.2124

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