______________ and ______________ are bottom-up factors that can influence multisensory integration, whilst ______________ and ______________ are top-down factors that can influence multisensory integration.

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Understanding the question, we need to identify which option correctly assigns bottom-up factors to multisensory integration as temporal and spatial coincidence, and top-down factors as context and expectation.
Option A: 'Context; spatial coincidence; expectation; temporal coincidence' starts with a top-down factor (context) and then mixes in bottom-up factors (spatial coincidence, temporal coincidence) along with top-down factors (expectation). This mixed ordering and labeling do not clearly separate bottom-up from top-down, so it does not correctly reflect the intended division.
Option B: 'Temporal coincidence; expectation; context; spatial coincidence;' lists one bottom-up factor (temporal coincidence) and one top-down factor (expectation) together, then another top-down (context) and bottom-up (spatial coincidence) without a consistent partition. The lack of a clear boundary between bottom-up and top-down elements makes this option incorrect as a clean, correct grouping.
Option C: 'Temporal coincidence; spatial coincidence; context; expectation' presents bottom-up factors first (temporal and spatial coincidence) followed by top-down factors (context and expectation). This aligns with the standard distinction where bottom-up multisensory integration is driven by coincident sensory signals, and top-down influences involve higher-order factors like context and expectation, making this option correct.
Option D: 'Context; expectation; temporal coincidence; spatial coincidence' starts with top-down factors (context and expectation) and then lists bottom-up factors (temporal and spatial coincidence). While the set of four items is the same, the ordering here does not reflect the canonical separation into bottom-up before top-down, so it is not the correct representation.
In summary, only Option C cleanly separates bottom-up factors (temporal coincidence; spatial coincidence) from top-down factors (context; expectation) in the expected order, whereas the other options either mix the categories or reorder them in a way that disrupts the intended distinction.

and are bottom-up factors that can influence multisensory integration, whilst and are top-down factors that can influence multisensory integration.

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