______________ and ______________ are bottom-up factors that can influence multisensory integration, whilst ______________ and ______________ are top-down factors that can influence multisensory integration.

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

We are asked to identify which option correctly fills the blanks in the sentence: '______________ and ______________ are bottom-up factors that can influence multisensory integration, whilst ______________ and ______________ are top-down factors that can influence multisensory integration.'

Option 1: 'Context; spatial coincidence; expectation; temporal coincidence' Here, the first blank is filled with Context, but context is a top-down factor, not a bottom-up factor. Because the first term should represent a bottom-up factor, this option misclassifies the initial term. Additionally, the sequence would imply spatial coincidence (bottom-up) paired with context and expectation (top-down) in ways that do not consistently align with the required grouping.

Option 2: 'Temporal coincidence; expectation; context; spatial coincidence;' The first blank is Temporal coincidence (a valid bottom-up factor), and the second blank is Expectation (which is a top-down factor). Since the blanks are intended to be two bottom-up factors followed by two top-down factors, placing expectation in the second position disrupts the bottom-up/top-down ordering. This makes the option incorrect due to incorrect grouping order.

Option 3: 'Temporal coincidence; spatial coincidence; context; expectation' The first two terms are Temporal coincidence and Spatial coincidence, both of which are classic bottom-up factors that influence multisensory integration by aligning sensory signals in time and space. The last two terms, Context and Expectation, are classic top-down factors that influence integration via prior knowledge and situational cues. The ordering perfectly matches the required structure: bottom-up factors first, then top-down factors.

Option 4: 'Context; expectation; temporal coincidence; spatial coincidence' The initial term Context is a top-down factor, not bottom-up, so this option incorrectly assigns the first blank. The subsequent terms (temporal and spatial coincidence) are bottom-up factors, which would misplace the intended category in the sequence.

In summary, Option 3 correctly distinguishes bottom-up factors (temporal coincidence and spatial coincidence) from top-down factors (context and expectation), while the other options incorrectly assign or order these categories.

and are bottom-up factors that can influence multisensory integration, whilst and are top-down factors that can influence multisensory integration.

View Explanation

Log in for full answers

Similar Questions

The tendency for visual information to supersede information coming from the other senses during perception is termed

_____ perception involves integrating information from two or more sensory modalities.