Beauchamp (2010) found that applying TMS to the superior temporal sulcus decreased illusory responses to the McGurk effect. Based on this, what effect might a similar application of TMS have on speech perception in a noisy environment?

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This question asks us to reason about how applying TMS to the superior temporal sulcus (STS) would affect speech perception in a noisy environment, given Beauchamp (2010) found that TMS over STS decreased illusory responses to the McGurk effect.
Option 1: 'Improve it' — While TMS can have various effects depending on the protocol, the specific finding cited shows STS involvement in multisensory integration and in reducing illusory audiovisual speech perceptions. Disrupting STS tends to impair, not enhance, integration of auditory and visual speech cues, especially in noisy settings where integration supports comprehension. Therefore, improvement is unlikely and not supported by the cited result.
Option 2: 'Impair it' — This aligns with the idea that disrupting STS reduces multisensory integration between visual and auditory speech information. In noisy environments, where listeners rely on both modalities to extract speech, impairment of STS function would plausibly hinder perception rather than improve it. The McGurk effect is an illusory audiovisual speech phenomenon that arises from integration; if TMS reduces illusory integration, it suggests a general decrease in multisensory binding that would likely hamper accurate speech perception in noise.
Option 3: 'Have no effect' — Given the STS's role in integrating audiovisual speech cues and the demonstrated effect of TMS on McGurk perception, it is unlikely that TMS would produce no perceptual consequence in noisy speech contexts. The prior finding indicates a functional impact on cross-modal processing, making a null effect improbable.
Option 4: 'None of the above' — This would be correct only if all the other options were incorrect. Since there is a plausible and supported interpretation that TMS to STS could impair speech perception under noisy conditions, this 'None of the above' choice is not the best fit.
In sum, the reasoning suggests that applying TMS to the STS would most plausibly hinder, or impair, speech perception in a noisy environment by weakening multisensory integration, rather than improving it or leaving it unchanged. The other options either contradict the logic of multisensory integration disruption or rely on unlikely generalizations from a specific illusion to a broader perceptual context.

[NEUR2020] Neuroscience for Psychologists (St Lucia). Semester 2, 2025 Quiz 2 PRACTICE [NEUR2020] Neuroscience for Psychologists (St Lucia). Semester 2, 2025 Quiz 2 PRACTICE

Beauchamp (2010) found that applying TMS to the superior temporal sulcus decreased illusory responses to the McGurk effect. Based on this, what effect might a similar application of TMS have on speech perception in a noisy environment?

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[NEUR2020] Neuroscience for Psychologists (St Lucia). Semester 2, 2025 Quiz 2 PRACTICE [NEUR2020] Neuroscience for Psychologists (St Lucia). Semester 2, 2025 Quiz 2 PRACTICE

Beauchamp (2010) found that applying TMS to the superior temporal sulcus decreased illusory responses to the McGurk effect. Based on this, what effect might a similar application of TMS have on speech perception in a noisy environment?

View Explanation

Log in for full answers

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