According Herzberg's two-factor theory, ________.

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To evaluate Herzberg's two-factor theory, I will examine what each option claims and how it aligns with the theory.
Option 1: 'the aspects that lead to job satisfaction are separate and distinct from those that lead to job dissatisfaction' This matches Herzberg's core idea: motivators (satisfiers) and hygiene factors (dissatisfiers) are two different sets of influences on job attitudes, and they operate independently rather than forming a single continuum.
Option 2: 'employees view work as being as natural as rest or play, and therefore learn to accept, and even seek, responsibility' This description aligns more with McGregor's Theory Y assumptions, which emphasize inherent motivation and responsibility, not a dichotomy between satisfaction and dissatisfaction as Herzberg proposed.
Option 3: 'there exists a hierarchy of needs within every human being, and as each need is satisfied, the next one becomes dominant' This statement reflects Maslow's hierarchy of needs, a different motivational framework, not Herzberg's two-factor theory.
Option 4: 'achievement, power, and affiliation are three important needs that help explain motivation' This line corresponds to McClelland's Need Theory (the needs for achievement, power, and affiliation), which is distinct from Herzberg's model of motivators and hygiene factors.
In summary, the reasoning hinges on distinguishing two separate categories of factors in Herzberg's theory, and only the first option accurately captures that separation between satisfaction-related factors and dissatisfaction-related factors. The other options align with alternative motivational theories rather than Herzberg's two-factor framework.

According Herzberg's two-factor theory, ________.

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