Which of the following is based on an optimistic view of human nature?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To tackle this question, I’ll evaluate each option in light of what it claims about human nature and motivation.
Option 1: 'McGregor’s Theory Y' — This option embodies an optimistic view of human nature. Theory Y posits that people are self-motivated, enjoy work, and will seek responsibility if conditions are right; it assumes that employees can be trusted to be creative and productive. Since the prompt asks for the statement based on an optimistic view, this option aligns with that perspective.
Option 2: 'Motivator-Hygiene Theory' — Also known as Herzberg’s two-factor theory, this framework distinguishes between satisfiers (motivators) and dissatisfiers (hygiene factors). While it provides insight into job satisfaction, it does not center on an inherently optimistic view of human nature; it’s more about situational factors that affect motivation rather than a broad characterization of people’s intrinsic nature.
Option 3: 'Expectancy Theory' — This theory (Vroom) explains motivation as a function of expectancy, instrumentality, and valence. It emphasizes cognitive processes and expectations about outcomes, not a wholesale positive view of human nature. It’s analytic and contingent on beliefs about rewards rather than a sweeping optimistic stance.
Option 4: 'McGregor’s Theory X' — Theory X presents a rather pessimistic view: people are inherently lazy, avoid responsibility, and must be coerced or controlled. This is the opposite of an optimistic view of human nature, making it inconsistent with the prompt’s criteria.
In summary, when distinguishing between optimistic versus more skeptical or neutral perspectives on human nature, Theory Y stands out as the one that asserts people can be trusted to work towards goals with appropriate support and opportunities, whereas the other options focus on factors, cognitive processes, or more negative assumptions about people’s intrinsic motivation.

2025SU BSN 100 01 Quiz: Chapter09

Which of the following is based on an optimistic view of human nature?

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