“-ly” in the word “happily” is an example of a bound morpheme

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

In examining the statement about morphemes, the key idea is whether a piece of a word can stand alone as a word or must attach to another form.
Option 1 (True): The suffix "-ly" in "happily" is a bound morpheme because it cannot stand alone as a word. It attaches to the base form "happy" to form an adverb, and it changes the word’s class or meaning rather than functioning independently. This aligns with the general definition of a bound morpheme (an affix that must be attached to another morpheme).
Option 2 (False): If one claimed the suffix "-ly" is a free morpheme, that would imply it could function as an independent word, which is not the case here. Free morphemes are units like "happy" that can stand alone, whereas affixes like "-ly" require attachment and do not form standalone words. This makes the False option incorrect for this statement.
Additional nuance: While "-ly" is derivational and serves to form an adverb from an adjective, it remains a bound morpheme because its purpose is accomplished only in combination with a base and it cannot stand alone as a word.

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“-ly” in the word “happily” is an example of a bound morpheme

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