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A mid-sized manufacturing company is deciding how to address new environmental regulations that will require significant equipment upgrades. In a leadership meeting, the CFO argues: "We need to calculate the fines for non-compliance versus the cost of the upgrades. If the fines are less expensive, we should delay implementation until enforcement becomes more stringent. Several competitors are planning this approach. We can establish a reserve fund for potential penalties while maximizing short-term profits." The board agrees with this approach, noting that their primary concern is avoiding major penalties while maintaining quarterly earnings targets.Which of Kohlberg's stages of moral development does this decision-making process primarily reflect?

Options
A.a. Conventional (Stage 4: Law and Order)
B.b. Post-conventional (Stage 6: Universal Ethical Principles)
C.c. Pre-conventional (Stage 2: Self-Interest)
D.d. Post-conventional (Stage 5: Social Contract)
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The scenario presents a leadership decision where the CFO focuses on minimizing penalties and preserving quarterly profits, using a cost-benefit mindset centered on self-interest and personal or organizational gain rather than ethical principles or social responsibilities. Option a: Conventional (Stage 4: Law and Order) would involve adherence to rules, authority, and duty to main......Login to view full explanation

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A global apparel company undertakes a comprehensive transformation of its supply chain despite no external pressure to do so. The CEO announces: "While our current practices meet all legal standards and industry expectations, we believe we have a responsibility to establish new benchmarks for ethical production. This means ensuring living wages throughout our supply chain, eliminating our carbon footprint even where regulations don't require it, and transparently reporting our progress and challenges. These changes will impact short-term profitability, but they reflect our commitment to universal principles of human dignity and environmental stewardship that transcend current industry norms or legal requirements." The company proceeds to implement these changes even though they initially reduce profit margins by 15%.Which of Kohlberg's stages of moral development does this decision-making process primarily reflect?

A global apparel company undertakes a comprehensive transformation of its supply chain despite no external pressure to do so. The CEO announces: "While our current practices meet all legal standards and industry expectations, we believe we have a responsibility to establish new benchmarks for ethical production. This means ensuring living wages throughout our supply chain, eliminating our carbon footprint even where regulations don't require it, and transparently reporting our progress and challenges. These changes will impact short-term profitability, but they reflect our commitment to universal principles of human dignity and environmental stewardship that transcend current industry norms or legal requirements." The company proceeds to implement these changes even though they initially reduce profit margins by 15%.Which of Kohlberg's stages of moral development does this decision-making process primarily reflect?

A mid-sized manufacturing company is deciding how to address new environmental regulations that will require significant equipment upgrades. In a leadership meeting, the CFO argues: "We need to calculate the fines for non-compliance versus the cost of the upgrades. If the fines are less expensive, we should delay implementation until enforcement becomes more stringent. Several competitors are planning this approach. We can establish a reserve fund for potential penalties while maximizing short-term profits." The board agrees with this approach, noting that their primary concern is avoiding major penalties while maintaining quarterly earnings targets.Which of Kohlberg's stages of moral development does this decision-making process primarily reflect?

In Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, the conventional level is characterized by:

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