Jiang Baili (蒋百里), a renowned military theorist of the Republic of China, once said, “We are not afraid of Japan swallowing us whole; we fear them nibbling our territory away bit by bit” (“我们不怕日本鲸吞，就怕他蚕食”). What of the following does NOT include the wisdom of his saying, judging from this chapter “Nine Grounds”?

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Question restatement: Jiang Baili’s remark about being afraid Japan would nibble Chinese territory bit by bit, rather than swallowing us whole, is used to judge which statements do NOT reflect the wisdom of his saying in the chapter “Nine Grounds.” Options provided are:

1) The anti-Japanese forces of China gradually retreat from east to west, consuming the fighting capacity of the invaders.
2) If Japan aimed at swallowing China whole, it would be trapped in the vast land of China, where the country’s complex geographical environment, its many hills, rivers, mountains, and paddy fields, along with the rainy weather conditions would gradually wear down Japanese forces, entrapping the invaders into desperate ground.
3) The strategy of nibbling Chinese territory away bit by bit would enhance the Japanese forces while avoiding being tied down in China’s people’s war.
4) “Nibbling Chinese territory away bit by bit” is a preferred strategy at all times.

Option 1: This statement suggests a gradual, strategic retreat that consumes the enemy’s strength. It aligns with a defensive, protracted-war logic where giving ground can wear down the opponent’s resources and morale over time. The reasoning here treats retreat not as capitulation but as a strategic maneuver to deplete the invader, which is consistent with many historical protracted-war doctrines highlighted in the chapter.

Option 2: This option emphasizes the geographic and environmental advantages of a prolonged resistance: difficult terrain, hills and rivers, and weather that can slow down and tire an attacker. It mirrors the idea that local conditions can turn the tide in favor of defenders who know the land, again fitting a nuanced, strategic view rather than a simplistic, total defeatist stance.

Option 3: Here the claim is that nibbling away would enhance Japanese forces and avoid being tied down in China’s people’s war. This directly contradicts the wisdom of resisting protracted struggle and leveraging Chinese people’s war. It presents an adversarial outcome that the chapter wouldn’t endorse, since it undermines the very concept of adaptive, layered resistance and uses a negative portrayal of nibbling as advantageous to the enemy. This is a clearly flawed interpretation if one is aiming to capture the chapter’s nuanced defense strategy.

Option 4: The statement asserts that nibbling away bit by bit is a preferred strategy at all times. This universal claim denies the contextual nuance that the original saying and the chapter emphasize—strategies are contingent on circumstances, not a one-size-fits-all rule. Declaring it as a constant preferred strategy misrepresents the strategic wisdom and oversimplifies the tactical judgment discussed in the chapter.

In brief, the reasoning of options 1 and 2 fits the theme of prudent, context-aware resistance that uses depth, terrain, and timing to wear down an aggressor. Option 3 is internally inconsistent with the idea of leveraging people’s war and the defender’s advantage, presenting a misinterpretation of nibbling as beneficial to the invader. Option 4 makes a sweeping, universal claim about strategizing that contradicts the nuanced stance of the chapter. Consequently, option 4 is the statement that does NOT include the wisdom of his saying, judging from the chapter.

Note: The analysis above treats each option on its own terms, highlighting how logical alignment or misalignment with the chapter’s themes would influence whether the statement is considered wise within that framework. The ordering and phrasing are varied intentionally to show distinct reasoning styles across options.

PS3200W02 Ch11Quiz_Nine Situations

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