A health organization sends out a survey asking participants, "How much do you agree that exercise is essential for a healthy lifestyle?"(K:1)

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

In this survey item, the prompt asks participants to rate their agreement with the statement that exercise is essential for a healthy lifestyle. The wording implies a normative claim—namely, that exercise is essential—which can steer respondents toward a favorable assessment. This is characteristic of a leading question, where the phrasing suggests a particular viewpoint and may bias responses toward agreement. Now, evaluating the provided option: Option a. 'Measurement bias - leading question.' This correctly identifies the issue because the statement embeds an assumption that exercise is essential, which can bias how participants interpret and respond. If the survey had used a more neutral phrasing, such as 'How much do you agree that regular physical activity contributes to a healthy lifestyle?' it would reduce the implicit pressure to agree and help obtain more varied responses. Consider potential misconceptions in other possible choices (if present): an option claiming no bias would be false here because the question’s structure inherently pushes respondents toward a positive evaluation of exercise. An option alleging bias of a different type (e.g., social desirability bias) would be less precise unless it connected to respondents wanting to give a favorable health-conscious image; here the core issue is the leading, presuppositional phrasing itself rather than concern about impression management. Overall, recognizing the leading wording clarifies why this item contributes to measurement bias rather than reflecting a neutral measurement of attitudes toward exercise. If there were alternative phrasings, we would compare whether they reduce presupposition and examine the impact on construct validity and respondent interpretation. In sum, the main flaw lies in the presupposed essentialism of exercise for health within the question, which biases responses toward agreement.

A health organization sends out a survey asking participants, "How much do you agree that exercise is essential for a healthy lifestyle?"(K:1)

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