Based on the balanced equation,

4P4 + 5S8 → 4P4S10

calculate the moles of excess reactant that are left over when 0.420 mol of P4 molecules and 0.737 mol of S8 molecules react?

Question

Based on the balanced equation,

4P4 + 5S8 → 4P4S10

calculate the moles of excess reactant that are left over when 0.420 mol of P4 molecules and 0.737 mol of S8 molecules react?

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Restating the problem and options to fix ideas:
Question: Based on the balanced equation, 4P4 + 5S8 → 4P4S10, calculate the moles of excess reactant that are left over when 0.420 mol of P4 molecules and 0.737 mol of S8 molecules react?
Answer options: 0.590 mol, 0.147 mol, 0.170 mol, 0.212 mol, 0.525 mol

Step 1: Identify the limiting reactant.
- The reaction uses P4 and S8 in a 4:5 molar ratio. If all 0.420 mol of P4 were to react completely, the amount of S8 required would be (5/4) × 0.420 = 0.525 mol. We actually have 0.737 mol of S8, which is more than enough to react with all the P4. Therefore, P4 is the limiting reactant and will be completely consumed.

Step 2: Compute how much of the excess reactant is consumed.
- With P4 as the limiting reactant, the amount of S8 consumed is (5/4) × 0.420 = 0.525 mol. This is the amount of S8 that reacts with the 0.420 mol of P4.

Step 3: Determine the moles of excess reactant remaining.
- Initial S8 amount: 0.737 mol
- S8 consumed: 0.525 mol
- S8 remaining (excess): 0.737 − 0.525 = 0.212 mol

Step 4: Evaluate each option against the calculated value.
- Option 0.590 mol: This is larger than the initial amount of S8 and cannot be correct given that only 0.525 mol of S8 is consumed and 0.737 mol is available. It would imply negative consumption or more leftover than available, which is impossible.
- Option 0.147 mol: This value is not equal to the calculated leftover (0.212 mol). It might represent a miscalculation such as using the wrong limiting reagent or misapplying the stoichiometric ratio.
- Option 0.170 mol: Similar to 0.147 mol, this differs from the computed 0.212 mol and suggests an error in the stoichiometric step or rounding that doesn’t match the exact 0.525 mol S8 used.
- Option 0.212 mol: This matches the computed leftover S8 after accounting for the required 0.525 mol to consume all P4, given the initial 0.737 mol S8. It reflects the correct subtraction of S8 consumed from S8 initial.
- Option 0.525 mol: This number equals the amount of S8 consumed, not the amount left over. It would be the amount of S8 that reacts, incorrect for the question asking about excess remaining.

Step 5: Summary of the reasoning pattern.
- Determine limiting reagent by comparing the available moles with the stoichiometric requirements.
- Calculate how much of the excess reactant is consumed using the stoichiometry with the limiting reactant.
- Subtract the consumed amount of the excess reactant from its initial amount to obtain the leftover amount.
- Compare each answer option to the computed leftover to verify which matches.

Based on the balanced equation, 4P4 + 5S8 → 4P4S10 calculate the moles of excess reactant that are left over when 0.420 mol of P4 molecules and 0.737 mol of S8 molecules react?

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