The linguistic relativity hypothesis states that:

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The question asks about the linguistic relativity hypothesis, so we examine each option in turn.
Option A: 'languages share a universal grammar.' This statement relates to a separate idea associated with Noam Chomsky, namely a presumed innate, universal grammar underlying all languages. It does not describe linguistic relativity, which concerns how language influences thought rather than a shared grammatical structure across languages. Therefore, this option misattributes the core claim.
Option B: 'thought produces language.' This flips the direction of influence and aligns more with theories that language is a mere output of pre-existing thought. While some researchers debate the bidirectionality, linguistic relativity centers on language shaping thought, not the other way around. Hence this is incorrect in the context of the hypothesis.
Option C: 'language influences thought.' This captures the essence of the linguistic relativity (Sapir-Whorf) hypothesis: the structure and vocabulary of a language can affect cognition, perception, and categories through habitual use of linguistic forms. This is the correct framing of the hypothesis.
Option D: 'language is uniquely human.' While language is a hallmark of humans, this statement does not address how language relates to thought. It is not a description of linguistic relativity and therefore is not correct in this context.

Introduction to Psychology Exam #2 - PSYC 1A - Thursday, 4/10 - one handwritten 3" x 5" note card front & back is allowed

The linguistic relativity hypothesis states that:

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