When a child is learning a second language, the basics of language learning such as the vocabulary explosion apply _____.

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The question asks about the applicability of the basics of language learning, such as the vocabulary explosion, when a child is acquiring a second language.
Option A suggests it applies only to receptive language and not speaking. This is misleading because vocabulary growth and other language-learning fundamentals influence both understanding (receptive) and producing (expressive) language, not restricted to comprehension alone.
Option B states it applies only to the child’s second language. In reality, these foundational processes occur across languages a child knows, including the native language, especially during periods of active language development where cross-language transfer and cumulative vocabulary growth happen.
Option C claims it applies to both the native and second language. This aligns with current understanding of bilingual language development, where core mechanisms like vocabulary acquisition, fast mapping, and phonological awareness operate in and across both languages, at least to some extent.
Option D asserts it applies only to the native language. This underestimates bilingual development, since second-language learning recruits similar cognitive and linguistic processes as the native language and often benefits from transfer between languages.
Thus, each option is evaluated in light of how foundational language-learning principles behave in bilingual contexts, with the most accurate view being that these basics influence both languages rather than just one.

Intro to Child Psychology EXAM #4 (8-10) - PSYC 15 Child Psychology - 11/3

When a child is learning a second language, the basics of language learning such as the vocabulary explosion apply _____.

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