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生物学 1001 (001-013) 第24课学习测验
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Larger crayfish are better at defending shelters than smaller crayfish, regardless of what species they are. Small crayfish can escape competition by occupying small rocks that are not sought after by larger crayfish. The size distribution of the two species is shown in the frequency versus size graph. What is the most likely outcome of competition between species A and B? [ Select ] competitive exclusion of Species B Competitive exclusion of Species A Competitive coexistence The two species have evolved different body sizes. This is an example [ Select ] character divergence character displacement competitive distortion competitive exploitation , an evolutionary outcome of competition.
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The question presents two parts: (1) the outcome of competition between species A and B given their size distributions and resource use, and (2) the evolutionary outcome described by differences in body size.
First, evaluate the competition outcome options:
- Competitive coexistence: This option is likely correct because the blue species B favors smaller rocks, while red species A favors larger rocks, creating a partition of available shelters by size. When each species uses a different subset of the......Login to view full explanationLog in for full answers
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CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER The figure above provides data on the population growth of two species of small aquatic crustaceans that occupy the same niche. Both species were grown separately (left graph and middle graph) and together (right graph) to assess their competitive interaction. What is the outcome of the two species competing, illustrated in the final graph on the right?
针对以下每个例子，判断它代表的是干涉竞争还是剥削竞争。 示例A： 植物从根部分泌化学物质，抑制邻近植物的生长和种子萌发。 例A是 [ 选择 ] 干扰竞争 剥削竞争 。 示例 B： 有些树木的根系生长迅速，能比其他树木更早地获取水源。这些树木生长速度更快。 例 B 是 [ 选择 ] 剥削竞争 干扰竞争 。 示例 C： 两种小龙虾争夺岩石下的庇护所。它们在抵御竞争对手方面都同样有效，但A种小龙虾行动更快，总能在B种之前抢占到庇护所。 例 C 是剥削竞争 。 例D： 两种螯虾争夺岩石下的庇护所。两种螯虾都同样擅长占据庇护所，但A种螯虾更擅长占领已被其他螯虾占据的庇护所。 例D是干扰竞争 。
For each of these examples, identify whether it represents interference or exploitation competition. Example A: A plant excretes chemicals from its roots that inhibit the growth and seed germination of neighboring plants. Example A is [ Select ] interference competition exploitation competition . Example B: Some trees have fast-growing roots that reach water before their competitors. These trees grow faster. Example B is [ Select ] exploitation competition interference competition . Example C: Two crayfish species compete for shelter under rocks. Both species are equally effective at defending their shelters from competitors, but species A moves faster and occupies shelters before species B can claim them. Example C is [ Select ] exploitation competition interference competition . Example D: Two crayfish species compete for shelter under rocks. Both species are equally effective at claiming shelters, but species A is better at taking over shelters that are already occupied. Example D is [ Select ] interference competition exploitation competition .
Choose the best match for the type of competition described. 1: Large aphids defend feeding sites on cottonwood leaves by kicking and shoving smaller aphids from better sites. ____ 2: Different species of Caribbean anoles consume the same prey. ____ 3: Two species of sea snails, the small Siphonaria lessoni and the larger Fissurella crassa, once competed for living quarters inside crevices. Although both species liked to burrow into cracks, the heftier snails eventually edged out their diminutive opponents. The tinier organism was forced to seek different shelter. This change negatively impacted the species, because the move exposed them to a less hospitable environment. This lowered the reproductive rates of the refugees. They eventually died off in certain areas. ____
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