What type of intermolecular forces are due to the attraction between temporary dipoles and their induced temporary dipoles?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

This question asks about which type of intermolecular forces arise from attraction between temporary dipoles and their induced temporary dipoles.
Option 1: Dispersion. This is the correct category, often called London dispersion forces, arising from instantaneous dipoles in one molecule inducing dipoles in neighbors, leading to weak attractions that are present in all molecules, especially nonpolar ones.
Option 2: Hydrogen bond. Hydrogen bonding occurs when a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom (like O, N, or F) and interacts with a lone pair on another electronegative atom. It is a specific, relatively strong type of dipole-dipole interaction, not the same as dispersion forces.
Option 3: Covalent bond. Covalent bonds are intramolecular bonds formed by sharing electron pairs within a molecule. They are not intermolecular forces between molecules, so they do not describe attractions between temporary dipoles and induced dipoles.
Option 4: Metallic bond. Metallic bonding describes the electrostatic attraction between a lattice of positive ions and a 'sea' of delocalized electrons within a metal. This is not an intermolecular force between temporary and induced dipoles, so it is not relevant here.
In summary, the phenomenon described—temporary dipoles inducing dipoles in neighboring molecules and creating weak, transient attractions—aligns with dispersion forces, distinguishing them from hydrogen bonding, covalent bonds, and metallic bonding.

What type of intermolecular forces are due to the attraction between temporary dipoles and their induced temporary dipoles?

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What type of intermolecular forces are due to the attraction between temporary dipoles and their induced temporary dipoles?

View Explanation

Log in for full answers

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