The fragment of preproinsulin called c-peptide:

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The question asks about the fragment of preproinsulin known as the C-peptide and presents three statements to evaluate.
Option 1: 'is essential, people will die within months without it.' This is inaccurate. C-peptide is not essential for survival; individuals with certain insulin production issues still survive for many years, though lacking normal C-peptide levels.
Option 2: 'is not essential, people can live decades without it.' This is true. C-peptide is a byproduct of insulin production and is not required for life; people can live for decades without it, though it may have clinical uses as a biomarker.
Option 3: 'connects the a-chain and the b-chain in circulating insulin molecules.' This is incorrect. C-peptide does participate in linking the A and B chains during proinsulin processing, but in circulating insulin these chains are already connected and the C-peptide is cleaved off; stating that it connects A and B chains in circulating insulin misrepresents the mature hormone.
In summary, the only statement that accurately reflects the role and necessity of C-peptide is Option 2, while Options 1 and 3 contain factual inaccuracies about essentiality and the relationship of C-peptide to circulating insulin.

BME 3 Treating Diabete... BME3 Final Exam

The fragment of preproinsulin called c-peptide:

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