Mappes' think that children are (answer all that apply)

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

First, the question asks which statements Mappes thinks apply to children, and we have two candidate options to evaluate.
Option A: 'incapable of informed consent.' This aligns with a common ethical position attributed to Mappes and many bioethics discussions: children generally lack the full capacity to give informed consent due to limited cognitive development, understanding, and appreciation of consequences. In practical terms, this supports relying on parents or guardians to provide consent for medical or research decisions on behalf of the child, while also considering the child's assent when possible to respect emerging autonomy.
Option B: 'capable of acting voluntarily.' Describing children as categorically capable of acting voluntarily is problematic. While children can and do make voluntary choices in some situations, Mappes typically does not treat them as fully autonomous agents with the same standard for voluntary consent as adults. The claim overgeneralizes autonomy; voluntary action in children can be genuine, but it does not imply full, legally or ethically adequate capacity for informed consent. Therefore, this statement is not a correct universal characterization of children according to Mappes’ perspective.
To unpack further, one could note that:
- The declaration of incapacity for informed consent rests on developmental and cognitive considerations, not on moral worth.
- The notion of acting voluntarily in children must be contextualized within frameworks like assent, parental permission, and surrogate decision-making, rather than equating to full autonomous consent.
- Ethical analyses often distinguish between assent (the child’s affirmative agreement) and consent (the legally binding permission given by a guardian or the individual with decision-making authority), acknowledging that assent is a recommended practice even when full informed consent is not appropriate.
In summary, Option A captures the standard stance about informed consent capacity in children, whereas Option B overstates or mischaracterizes their autonomy by treating voluntary action as equivalent to capable informed consent. The combination of these interpretations explains why A is aligned with Mappes’ view and B is not universally correct across his framework.

PHI 007Y 001 SS1 2025 Week 4 Quiz

Mappes' think that children are (answer all that apply)

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