While taking the SAT, Jack puzzled over verbal analogies. To correctly solve these analogies, Jack must infer a general relationship between the specific pair of words and then apply this relationship to another set of words. As described in lecture, this kind of reasoning (which goes from specific examples to a general rule) is known as:

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The question asks us to identify the type of reasoning where one starts with specific instances and derives a general rule to apply elsewhere.
Option 1: inductive reasoning. This is the correct concept: moving from particular examples to a general principle.
Option 2: heuristic reasoning. Heuristics are mental shortcuts or rules of thumb used for quick judgments, not formal generalization from examples, so this is not the best fit for the described process.
Option 3: deductive reasoning. Deduction starts with a general rule or premise and derives specific conclusions, which is the opposite of moving from specific instances to a general rule.
Option 4: framing. Framing relates to presenting information in a particular way to influence interpretation or decision, not to the method of deriving general rules from examples.
Thus, the described process aligns with inductive reasoning because it abstracts a general relationship from concrete instances and then applies it to new cases.

PSY 1001 (001) Exam 2

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