Mendel’s dihybrid crosses allowed him to postulate the law of independent assortment. Which statement best describes this law?

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Mendel’s dihybrid crosses allowed him to postulate the law of independent assortment.  Which statement best describes this law?

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The question presents Mendel’s dihybrid crosses and the law of independent assortment, asking which statement best describes the law.
Option 1: 'There is considerable variation in garden peas.' While Mendel observed variation in traits, this statement does not define the law of independent assortment; it speaks more broadly about variation and is not about how alleles segregate for different genes.
Option 2: 'Dominant alleles occur more frequently in the F1 generation.' This is not a description of the law of independent assortment; it implies a bias toward dominance in progeny frequencies, which is unrelated to how alleles of different genes assort into gametes.
Option 3: 'Genes are composed of DNA.' Although genes are made of DNA, this is a molecular fact and does not capture the principle that alleles of different genes segregate independently during gamete formation.
Option 4: 'The alleles of one gene segregate into gametes independently of alleles of another gene.' This statement directly expresses the essence of the law of independent assortment: during meiosis, the segregation of alleles for one gene is independent of the segregation of alleles for a second gene, leading to the random combination of alleles across genes in the gametes and offspring.
In summary, the other options describe general observations about variation, dominance frequencies, or molecular composition, but none articulates the core concept of independent assortment as clearly as Option 4 does.

Bio 93 Section CDE 2025 Final- Section E

Mendel’s dihybrid crosses allowed him to postulate the law of independent assortment. Which statement best describes this law?

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