How is incidence related to disease measurement in a population?

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To address how incidence relates to measuring disease in a population, we must evaluate what each option implies.
Option 1: It tracks the survival rate of individuals with the disease. This is not incidence; survival rate focuses on outcomes after disease onset (fatality or longevity), not the occurrence of new cases.
Option 2: It counts the new cases of the disease that occur in a given period. This precisely matches the standard epidemiological definition of incidence, which measures the rate at which new occurrences arise over a specified time frame.
Option 3: It measures the effectiveness of the treatment for the disease. Treatment effectiveness pertains to outcomes after treatment or interventions, not the occurrence of new cases, so it does not describe incidence.
Option 4: It is a measure of the longevity of the disease in the population. Longevity of disease relates more to duration or chronicity and contributes to prevalence estimates rather than incidence.
Option 5: It determines the genetic predisposition to the disease. Genetic predisposition concerns etiology and risk factors, not the counting of new cases over time, so this misrepresents what incidence measures.

BIOL 271 Case Study 6 Quiz

How is incidence related to disease measurement in a population?

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