Which type of shock occurs as a result of severe bleeding?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When evaluating the question, we consider how shock types relate to the underlying cause.
Option 1: Anaphylactic shock – this type is caused by a severe allergic reaction leading to widespread vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, not primarily by blood loss. It is thus incorrect for a scenario described as severe bleeding.
Option 2: Cardiogenic shock – this results from the heart's inability to pump effectively (e.g., massive myocardial infarction or arrhythmia). While it can cause shock, it is not the direct consequence of hemorrhage and reduced circulating volume.
Option 3: Hypovolemic shock – the core issue here is a substantial loss of blood or other fluids, which decreases circulating blood volume. Severe bleeding directly reduces venous return (preload), lowers stroke volume and cardiac output, and triggers hypoperfusion characteristic of hypovolemic shock. This aligns precisely with a scenario of severe hemorrhage.
Option 4: Neurogenic shock – this occurs due to disruption of autonomic nervous system tone, often from spinal cord injury, leading to vasodilation and hypotension independent of blood volume loss. It does not reflect the direct effects of bleeding.

In summary, the mechanism linking severe bleeding to a state of shock is the drastic reduction in circulating blood volume (hypovolemia), which impairs tissue perfusion. The other options describe shock states driven by allergies, cardiac pump failure, or neural control loss, none of which are the primary consequence of significant hemorrhage.

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Which type of shock occurs as a result of severe bleeding?

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