Hydrogen bonds form between the hydrogen atoms of water molecules and

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To tackle the question, I’ll evaluate what hydrogen bonds do in water and which partners are involved.
Option 1: 'hydrogen atoms of other water molecules.' This is incorrect because hydrogen bonds form between a hydrogen atom attached to an electronegative atom (like oxygen) and a lone pair on another electronegative atom. In water, the hydrogen is already bound to an oxygen; it is the lone pairs on the O of a neighboring water molecule that accept the hydrogen bond, not another hydrogen atom.
Option 2: 'oxygen atoms of hydrocarbons.' This is not accurate because pure hydrocarbons lack the highly electronegative atoms with lone pairs needed to accept hydrogen bonds. The oxygen in water (with lone pairs) can hydrogen-bond to other electronegative atoms that present lone pairs, but hydrocarbons don’t provide suitable lone-pair acceptors in this context.
Option 3: 'non-polar molecules more readily than polar molecules.' This is a misconception. Hydrogen bonding in water preferentially occurs with polar, electronegative sites that have lone pairs; non-polar molecules lack such sites and do not form hydrogen bonds with water as readily. So this statement mischaracterizes the general pattern of hydrogen bonding.
Option 4: 'oxygen atoms of other water molecules.' This correctly identifies the hydrogen-bond acceptor in this context: the lone pairs on the oxygen atoms in neighboring water molecules can form hydrogen bonds with the hydrogen atom of a water molecule, leading to the characteristic network of hydrogen bonding in liquid water.
In summary, the reasoning hinges on the basic definition of hydrogen bonding: a hydrogen donor (the hydrogen attached to an electronegative atom like O) interacts with a lone-pair-containing electronegative atom (such as the oxygen in another water molecule). The options that propose hydrogen as the bond participant (Option 1) or that misstate the participating species (Option 2 and Option 3) do not align with this mechanism, while Option 4 accurately reflects the typical hydrogen-bonding partner in water.

BIOL 1009 (001-006/050-055) Midterm Exam I

Hydrogen bonds form between the hydrogen atoms of water molecules and

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