Which of the following statements about the neuroendocrine system is CORRECT?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The prompt is asking us to evaluate statements about the neuroendocrine system and identify which one is correct.
Option 1: 'CRF release ultimately results in release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex.' This reflects the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis correctly. CRF from the hypothalamus stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete ACTH, which then stimulates the adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoids (like cortisol). Thus this statement aligns with established physiology.
Option 2: 'The anterior pituitary is also known as the neurohypophysis and the posterior pituitary is also known as the adenohypophysis.' This is incorrect. The anterior pituitary is the adenohypophysis and the posterior pituitary is the neurohypophysis. The names are reversed in this option.
Option 3: 'Vasopressin and oxytocin are released into the local circulation in the median eminence where they travel via blood supply to the posterior pituitary.' This is inaccurate. Vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) and oxytocin are produced in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary into systemic circulation; they are not released into the local circulation at the median eminence to travel to the posterior pituitary. The median eminence is a hypothalamic region where releasing hormones are secreted into the hypophyseal portal system to the anterior pituitary, not where vasopressin and oxytocin travel to the posterior pituitary.
Option 4: 'Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) is synthesized and released in the anterior pituitary.' This is false. CRF is produced in the hypothalamus; it is released into the portal circulation to act on the anterior pituitary, not synthesized in the anterior pituitary itself.
Overall, the option that correctly reflects the neuroendocrine pathway from hypothalamic CRF through ACTH to glucocorticoids is the first statement, while the other options contain key factual errors about anatomical naming, release pathways, and sites of CRF synthesis.

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Which of the following statements about the neuroendocrine system is CORRECT?

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