A researcher observes that after prolonged exposure to a chemical, some individuals will in the future develop a disease condition due to that exposure. Which of Hill's criteria does this idea address?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

In this scenario, a researcher notes that prolonged exposure to a chemical is followed by the development of a disease in some individuals in the future.

Option 1 (Analogy): This criterion refers to using similarities between different diseases or exposure-disease relationships to infer causality. The described observation is about a temporal sequence in a specific exposure-disease pair, not about drawing an analogy to another situation, so this is not the best fit here.

Option 2 (Temporality): This is the key criterion at issue. Hill emphasized that the cause must precede the effect in time. Since the disease develops after prolonged exposure, the temporal sequence supports a potential causal relationship, satisfying temporality.

Option 3 (Consistency): Consistency concerns whether the association is repeatedly observed by different investigators, in different populations, and under different circumstances. The scenario describes a single observational idea about temporal order, not replication across studies, so consistency is not what is being addressed.

Option 4 (Strength of association): This criterion relates to how large the observed association is (e.g., risk or relative risk). The description mentions a causal sequence but does not comment on the magnitude of the association, so strength of association is not the focal criterion here.

PUBHEPI 2410 AU2025 (1751) Quiz Module 2: Practical applications of epidemiology

A researcher observes that after prolonged exposure to a chemical, some individuals will in the future develop a disease condition due to that exposure. Which of Hill's criteria does this idea address?

View Explanation

Log in for full answers

Similar Questions

Why did Prof La Merrill emphasize (italics) that breast development (gynomastia) in three pre-pubertal boys with chronic use of lavender and tea tree oil regressed back to the undeveloped typical pre-pubertal male mammary gland after use of those oils stopped?

Which of Hill’s causal considerations is best represented by a baby being born with a cleft palate from a women who binged drank between her first and second months of pregnancy?

What is the best example of Hill's causal concept of Experiment among the statements below?

Which of these statements best captures Hill’s causal consideration of consistency with respect to the relationship between environmental compartments and pollution?

What is an example of Hill's Specificity? You can choose more than one answer.

In a consumer society, many adults channel creativity into buying things

More Practical Tools for Students Powered by AI Study Helper

Homework AI Solver

Stylized AI Paper Writer

Plagiarism Checker Assistant

Citation AI Academic Writing Tool

In-Class Translation Assistant

AI Note Generator

AI Quiz Answers

Past Exam Questions from University Test Bank

Smart Practice Assistant

Adaptive Practice

Making Your Study Simpler