According to Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis, the hierarchical authority relationships within schools parallel those of:

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The question asks about Bowles and Gintis’s view on how school hierarchies compare to other social structures.
Option 1: 'prisons' — While some scholars draw parallels between control and surveillance in schools and carceral institutions, Bowles and Gintis specifically focus on capitalist social relations, not a prison-like model. They emphasize coercive elements but place the analogy with workplaces, not prisons.
Option 2: 'families' — Although family authority is influential, the Bowles-Gintis argument highlights the school’s formal and informal rules that mirror the economic structure of society, rather than a family setting, so this is not the best fit for their stated parallel.
Option 3: 'workplaces' — This aligns with their central claim: the hierarchical authority relations, with rules, discipline, and a hidden curriculum, reproduce the employer-employee dynamics found in capitalist workplaces, preparing students to accept authority and perform roles in the labor market. This is the core parallel in their analysis.
Option 4: 'democratic systems' — Schools are argued to reproduce capitalist relations rather than democracy; the hierarchical and credential-based structures are seen as aligning with market forces, not democratic decision-making processes. Hence this option contradicts their argument.
In summary, each incorrect option mismatches Bowles and Gintis’s emphasis on schooling as a microcosm of the capitalist workplace, whereas the correct parallel they propose is with the organizational logic of workplaces.

SMC 2025 Smr - SOCIOL 1 (1561,1562) - Introduction to Sociology (O) FINAL EXAM

According to Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis, the hierarchical authority relationships within schools parallel those of:

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