Question at position 16 Which is FALSE about Helicobacter pylori:There is only one geographic typeIt is well adapted to humansIt has infected humans for thousands of yearsIt causes ulcersClear my selection

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Question stem: 'Which is FALSE about Helicobacter pylori:' with four answer choices. We will evaluate each option individually to determine which statement is not true.
Option 1: 'There is only one geographic type' — This statement is false. H. pylori exhibits substantial geographic genetic diversity and different strains predominate in different regions, indicating multiple geographic types rather than a single type. The bacterium is adapted to human hosts worldwide, but its strains show regional variation due to historical migration, recombination, and selection pressures across populations.
Option 2: 'It is well adapted to humans' — This statement is true. H. pylori is highly adapted to the human stomach environment, colonizing the mucous layer and persisting for decades in many individuals. Its adaptations include urease production to neutralize gastric acid, motility to navigate mucus, and specific adhesion factors that facilitate colonization of gastric epithelium.
Option 3: 'It has infected humans for thousands of years' — This statement is true. Molecular and historical evidence supports that H. pylori has coexisted with humans for a very long time, with ancient isolates and studies suggesting long-standing human-to-bacteria associations that predate modern medicine.
Option 4: 'It causes ulcers' — This statement is true. H. pylori is a well-established causative agent of peptic ulcers (gastric and duodenal ulcers) and is linked to gastritis and an increased risk of gastric cancer; many patients with ulcers harbor this organism.

In summary, among the four choices, the only statement that is not accurate is Option 1, which claims there is only one geographic type of H. pylori. The other statements correctly reflect its adaptation to humans, long-standing human infection history, and its role in causing ulcers.

Question at position 16 Which is FALSE about Helicobacter pylori:There is only one geographic typeIt is well adapted to humansIt has infected humans for thousands of yearsIt causes ulcersClear my selection

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