For the case of an air source heat pump, what will happen to the COP as the outside temperature decreases?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Question restatement: For an air source heat pump, what happens to the COP as the outside temperature decreases?

Option a: It will stay the same.
Reasoning: This is not correct because COP is temperature-dependent for heat pumps. Outdoor temperature changes the heat extraction capability and the work required by the compressor; assuming COP stayed constant ignores these thermodynamic effects.

Option b: It will decrease.
Reasoning: This is accurate. As outdoor temperatures fall, the heat pump must extract heat from a colder environment, which reduces the temperature lift between the outdoor source and indoor space. The compressor must work harder to achieve the same indoor temperature, increasing input power while the heat delivered decreases, leading to a lower COP overall. Additionally, in colder conditions, defrost cycles and other inefficiencies further reduce COP.

Option c: It will increase.
Reasoning: This contradicts the fundamental behavior of air source heat pumps. Lower outdoor temperatures typically raise the required work input relative to heat output, so COP does not rise with decreasing outdoor temperature.

Summary: The correct understanding is that COP declines as outdoor temperature drops due to reduced heat transfer efficiency and greater compressor workload, with further reductions from defrost and related cycling in very cold conditions.

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For the case of an air source heat pump, what will happen to the COP as the outside temperature decreases?

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