Which of the following is NOT a reason for racial disparities in life expectancy?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Let’s evaluate each option in the context of racial disparities in life expectancy.
Option 1: sleep cycle variations. While sleep patterns can affect health, racial disparities in life expectancy are not primarily explained by inherent sleep cycle differences between racial groups. Societal factors, access to resources, and chronic disease burden play larger roles, so this option is not a core explanatory factor for disparities.
Option 2: access to affordable healthcare. Limited access to affordable healthcare is a well-documented driver of worse health outcomes and shorter life expectancy for many racial groups due to delays in treatment, preventive care gaps, and financial barriers. This is a valid and major contributor to disparities.
Option 3: genetic variation in susceptibility to disease. There is some discussion about how genetics can influence disease risk, but racial disparities in life expectancy are not primarily attributable to simple or uniform genetic differences between races. Most of the observed gaps are better explained by social determinants, environmental exposures, and access to care, though genetics may play a nuanced, non-deterministic role in specific conditions. This option is a partial or contested factor rather than a dominant societal driver.
Option 4: dietary and exercise habits. Differences in diet and physical activity, often shaped by socioeconomic factors, cultural norms, and neighborhood environments, contribute to health outcomes and thus to life expectancy disparities. This is a recognized contributing factor.
In summary, option 1 (sleep cycle variations) stands out as the least direct or widely supported driver of racial disparities in life expectancy when compared with access to care, lifestyle influenced by social determinants, and to a lesser extent genetics. The combination of healthcare access, lifestyle factors influenced by environment and policy, and complex genetics all play roles, whereas sleep cycle variation is not typically treated as a primary causal pathway for these disparities.

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Which of the following is NOT a reason for racial disparities in life expectancy?

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