Which is TRUE?

Question

Which is TRUE?

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When evaluating the statements, I’ll compare the typical performance characteristics of dictionaries (hash maps) vs. unsorted array-lists.
Option a: 'The performance of the hash function will not affect the runtime of the main dictionary operations.' In practice, the hash function’s quality can affect collision rates, which in turn can impact constant factors and sometimes average-case performance. This statement is misleading because it downplays the role of hashing efficiency and collision handling in runtime.
Option b: 'In practice, it is quicker to update an element in an unsorted array-list than a dictionary.' Updating in an unsorted array-list may require locating the element first, which is O(n) for search, then updating, whereas a dictionary provides direct access to a key via hashing, typically O(1) on average. This makes updates faster on a dictionary, so this claim is generally incorrect.
Option c: 'In practice, it is quicker to search for an element in a dictionary than an unsorted array-list.' This aligns with the standard analysis: a dictionary uses a hash table to map keys to values, giving expected constant time search, while an unsorted array-list requires scanning elements one by one, giving O(n) search. Therefore, this statement is true in typical scenarios.
Option d: 'In practice, it is quicker to delete an element from an unsorted array-list than a dictionary.' Deleting from an unsorted array-list requires locating the element (O(n)) and then removing, whereas a dictionary can typically delete in O(1) time for a given key, assuming hash operations are efficient. This makes the statement generally false.
Thus, after weighing the options, Option c reflects the correct performance comparison between dictionaries and unsorted array-lists in terms of search operations, while the other statements misrepresent or oversimplify the runtime implications of hashing, updates, and deletions.

Which is TRUE?

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Which is TRUE?

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Similar Questions

Consider an implementation of a hash table with linear probing where the hash function runs in constant time and the cost of comparison is also constant. What is the best-case time complexity of the __getitem__ method? Consider n is the number of items in the hash table.

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