What reaction is catalyzed by aldolase?

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Question: What reaction is catalyzed by aldolase?

Option 1: 'isomerization of DHAP to GAP' — This is incorrect. The conversion between dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GAP) is catalyzed by triose phosphate isomerase, not aldolase. Aldolase does not simply rearrange the triose phosphate isomer; it breaks or forms carbon–carbon bonds in a different step.

Option 2: 'hydrolysis of either GAP or DHAP' — This is incorrect. Aldolase does not hydrolyze GAP or DHAP. Hydrolysis would involve adding water to cleave a bond, which is not the typical mode of action for aldolase in glycolysis.

Option 3: 'reversible cleavage of F-1,6-BP to DHAP and GAP' — This is correct. In glycolysis, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (F-1,6-BP) is cleaved by aldolase into two triose phosphates, DHAP and GAP. The reaction is reversible under certain conditions, though in cellular glycolysis the downstream steps pull the reaction forward.

Option 4: 'cleavage of DHAP to GAP' — This is incorrect. Aldolase cleaves F-1,6-BP to generate both DHAP and GAP; it does not selectively cleave DHAP into GAP. The direction described here does not reflect the actual substrate–product relationship for aldolase in glycolysis.

Option 5: 'irreversible aldol condensation of DHAP and GAP' — This is incorrect. Aldolase does not catalyze an irreversible condensation of DHAP and GAP to form F-1,6-BP. The condensation step is part of gluconeogenesis, but it is not the aldolase-catalyzed cleavage step in glycolysis.

In summary, the enzyme aldolase catalyzes the reversible cleavage of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into the two triose phosphates, DHAP and GAP. The other options either refer to different enzymes or describe reactions that do not reflect the canonical aldolase activity in glycolysis.

What reaction is catalyzed by aldolase?

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