Spearman's observation that people who do well on one mental ability test tend to do well on other mental ability tests led to the model of intelligence known as ___________________.

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The question describes Spearman’s observation that performance across different mental ability tests tends to be positively correlated, suggesting a single underlying factor. 
Option 1: 'analytical intelligence' – While analytical abilities are a component of several theories of intelligence, this term does not capture the broad pattern Spearman observed about across-task correlations; it is more aligned with Sternberg’s triarchic theory than with Spearman’s general factor idea. 
Option 2: '"g"' – This directly matches Spearman’s concept of a general intelligence factor, or g, which accounts for the shared variance across diverse cognitive tasks and explains why someone who scores well on one test tends to score well on others. 
Option 3: 'multiple intelligences' – This is Gardner’s theory proposing several distinct intelligences (linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, etc.). It argues against a single general factor and thus contradicts Spearman’s finding of shared variance across tests. 
Option 4: 'fluid and crystallized intelligence' – This term comes from Cattell’s refinement of intelligence into two components, but it does not represent the overarching general factor Spearman proposed; rather, it describes subtypes of intelligence within a broader framework, not the single factor that explains rising correlations among diverse tests. 
In summary, the core idea that performance on diverse mental ability tests co-varies due to a common underlying capacity aligns best with the notion of a general intelligence factor, g, while the other options represent more specific, alternative, or theory-based distinctions that do not capture that broad pattern.

PSY 1001 (001) Final Exam/Exam 4

Spearman's observation that people who do well on one mental ability test tend to do well on other mental ability tests led to the model of intelligence known as ___________________.

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