A research program was conducted to understand the effects of two slogans created for a health care program. It was found that the number of people who registered for the program with the slogan "Saves 600 out of 1000 lives" were much higher than the number of people who registered for the program with the slogan "400 out of 1000 people lose their lives." This scenario exemplifies a psychological phenomenon called

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Consider what the question is asking: a change in participants’ registration rates based solely on how the outcome is presented, even though the underlying information is the same. 
Option 1: confirmation bias. This is the tendency to search for, interpret, or recall information in a way that confirms one's preconceptions. It does not explain why the specific wording of a statistic would systematically change registration behavior, so this choice misses the framing mechanism at work here.
Option 2: framing. This describes how people’s decisions are influenced by the way information is presented, such as emphasizing gains versus losses. In this scenario, describing the same effect with "saves 600 out of 1000 lives" versus "400 out of 1000 lose their lives" changes participants’ perceptions and thus their behavior, which aligns with framing effects.
Option 3: debriefing. Debriefing is the process of informing participants about the study after participation, especially about goals and methods. It doesn’t account for differences in registration driven by wording prior to or during participation, so this is not the right mechanism.
Option 4: hindsight bias. This bias involves overestimating one’s ability to have predicted an outcome after it is already known. It does not explain the influence of presentation on initial decision-making shown in the registration rates.
In sum, the key idea here is that the specific wording around the same statistic alters choice behavior by changing how the information is framed, which is precisely the core of a framing effect.

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