What structure is formed after gametes unite?

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Question restatement: What structure is formed after gametes unite? Options: germ cell, zygote, egg, sperm, somatic cell.
Option 1: germ cell. A germ cell is a reproductive cell lineage itself (sperm or egg originate from germ cells), but it is not the product formed when gametes unite. This choice confuses the type of cell with the result of fertilization.
Option 2: zygote. The union of a sperm and an egg restores the diploid chromosome number and marks the beginning of a new organism’s development; this is the standard term for the fertilized cell formed after gamete fusion. The zygote is the correct description of the product of fertilization.
Option 3: egg. An egg is one of the gametes involved in fertilization, not the outcome after they unite with a sperm. It contributes half the genetic material and cytoplasmic factors but does not represent the new cell after fusion.
Option 4: sperm. Like the egg, the sperm is a gamete, not the fertilized product. It delivers paternal genetic material and activates the egg, but the immediate product of their union is not the sperm itself.
Option 5: somatic cell. A somatic cell is any body cell that is not a gamete; these cells are diploid and arise from mitotic divisions after fertilization, but they are not the immediate result of gamete fusion. This choice conflates cell type with the fertilization product.
In summary, the key concept is that fertilization combines two gametes to form a single diploid cell that begins embryonic development, which is precisely described by the term 'zygote'.

BIOL 312 BIOL 312 - Exam 2

What structure is formed after gametes unite?

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