Federalism can best be described by which of the following statements?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks us to identify how federalism is best described. To do that, I will examine each option in light of the core idea of federalism: multiple levels of government sharing power and responsibilities in overlapping or distinct ways.
Option 1: 'Business and government can work together to more effectively accomplish shared goals.' While collaboration between different sectors can occur in any governmental system, this statement does not define federalism itself. It describes intergovernmental or public-private collaboration, which is not the defining feature of federalism.
Option 2: 'Local levels of government can make decisions on issues more efficiently than state and national governments can.' This suggests a hierarchy of efficiency rather than a description of shared governance. Federalism emphasizes distribution and coexistence of power across levels, not a blanket claim about efficiency, so this option mischaracterizes the arrangement.
Option 3: 'Different levels of government are involved in common policy areas.' This captures the essence of federalism: federal, state, and sometimes local governments all participate in governance over overlapping policy areas (such as education, transportation, or health), with authority and responsibilities allocated or shared in various ways. This aligns with the core concept of federalism.
Option 4: 'The federal government must make regulations that can be applied across every state in the same way.' While the federal government can regulate nationwide, federalism is about constitutional distribution of powers between levels, not a blanket requirement that all regulations be identical across states. Some policies are uniform, but many are tailored to state or local needs, so this statement overgeneralizes.
Option 5: 'Government must have cooperation from the people in order to make legislative decisions.' Public participation is important in any democratic system, but it is not the defining feature that distinguishes federalism from other forms of governance. This describes democratic legitimacy rather than the structural distribution of power across government levels.
Overall, option 3 directly addresses the structural hallmark of federalism by highlighting that multiple government levels engage in policy areas, which best fits the concept being described.

AP GOV Test - Constitution/Federalism

Federalism can best be described by which of the following statements?

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