Hansen & Hansen’s (1988) research on impression formation found that people are faster to recognize, and make less errors recognizing, which of the following?

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When approaching Hansen & Hansen’s (1988) findings on impression formation, we evaluate what the study demonstrated about speed and accuracy in recognizing facial expressions within a crowd.
Option 1: 'A negative face in a crowd of positive faces' – This choice aligns with the research showing a negative facial cue tends to stand out and be processed more quickly and with fewer errors when embedded among positive faces. The cognitive bias toward detecting threat or negativity can lead to faster recognition under these conditions, reflecting an asymmetry in social perception.
Option 2: 'A neutral face in a crowd of negative faces' – Although neutral faces can be ambiguous, the literature from this study emphasizes that emotional or valenced stimuli (especially negative) are recognized more readily than neutral ones when paired with incongruent or contrasting valence. A neutral face would not have the same salience in this context.
Option 3: 'A positive face in a crowd of neutral faces' – While positive expressions are noticeable, the core finding highlighted by Hansen & Hansen is about the heightened efficiency in detecting negative expressions amid positives, rather than a boosted recognition of positive faces among neutrals. This makes this option less consistent with the specific result.
Option 4: 'Facial expressions vs. body language' – This option shifts the focus from facial recognitions to a methodological comparison between modalities. The original study concerns facial recognition speed and accuracy within a facial crowd, not a comparison between facial versus body cues, so this option diverges from the described finding.
In summary, the standout efficiency and reduced error rate reported in Hansen & Hansen’s work occur when a negative face is identified quickly in a crowd of positive faces, making option 1 the most faithful reflection of the reported result. The other options either misstate the valence emphasis, the contrast conditions, or introduce an unrelated comparison between cues.

PSYC260.001.SP25 260 Exam 02 Sp25

Hansen & Hansen’s (1988) research on impression formation found that people are faster to recognize, and make less errors recognizing, which of the following?

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