Gloria wants to look at whether studying with music or studying without music increases test scores for high school students. If Gloria moves forward and conducts her study, __________ is the independent variable and __________ is the control group.

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When evaluating a research design, the independent variable is what the researcher deliberately changes or manipulates, and the control group serves as a baseline comparison that does not receive the experimental manipulation.
Option 1: "test scores; studying without music". Here the independent variable is described as test scores, which are the outcome being measured, not something Gloria changes. This misidentifies the IV and therefore is incorrect. The control group is also not specified correctly in this option.
Option 2: "type of studying; test scores". This option correctly identifies the independent variable as the type of studying (with music vs without music). However, it labels the control group as test scores, which are the dependent variable outcomes, not a group designation. This makes the option incorrect because the control group should be a condition of the study, not the measurement.
Option 3: "type of studying; studying without music". This option correctly designates the independent variable as the type of studying (the manipulation: with music or without music). It also identifies the control group as studying without music, which would serve as the baseline condition against which the music condition is compared. This aligns with a typical two-group experimental design where one condition is the control and the other is the experimental manipulation. This option is consistent with standard experimental terminology.
Option 4: "test scores; studying with music". This option incorrectly assigns the independent variable to test scores (the outcome), not the manipulation of conditions. It also mismatches the idea of a control group by implying a label tied to the experimental action rather than a baseline condition. This makes the statement inaccurate for describing the IV and control group.
In summary, the only option that correctly pairs the independent variable (type of studying) with an appropriate control group (studying without music) is option 3, while the others incorrectly assign either the IV or the control group, or both, leading to conceptual errors about the design of the study.

Spr25_PSYC001H_38576 Module 2 Quiz

Gloria wants to look at whether studying with music or studying without music increases test scores for high school students. If Gloria moves forward and conducts her study, is the independent variable and is the control group.

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