The salary and benefit costs of employees are a part of ...

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks us to categorize the salary and benefit costs of employees within financial reporting.
Option 1: costs of goods sold (COGS) — This would be true for salaries that are directly tied to production, i.e., direct labor, which is a component of COGS. However, not all salary and benefit costs are restricted to COGS; many salaries relate to administrative, selling, or other general activities. Therefore, labeling salaries as only COGS is incomplete.
Option 2: operating expenses (OpEx) — This covers salaries for functions like administration, sales, and support. But again, some salaries are directly involved in manufacturing and would be included in COGS, not OpEx. So describing salaries as exclusively OpEx is also inaccurate.
Option 3: both COGS and OpEx — This is correct because salary and benefit costs can appear in both categories depending on the role and function. Direct labor and manufacturing-related payroll contribute to COGS, while salaries for administrative, marketing, and other non-production roles contribute to OpEx. This option captures the dual nature of these costs.
Option 4: neither COGS nor OpEx — This is incorrect because the salaries are clearly reported within one or both of these expense categories depending on the context.
In summary, salaries span both cost categories in practice, so the statement that they are part of both COGS and OpEx is the accurate one. The other options fail to acknowledge that distinction by treating salaries as exclusive to a single category or excluding them from both entirely.

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