The main influence of compensation is on instrumentality, which can be described as the perceived link between
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______.

Question

The main influence of compensation is on instrumentality, which can be described as the perceived link between 
Blank
______.

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Let's break down what instrumentality means in this context and evaluate each option in turn.
Option 1: 'employee turnover and pay' — This pairing concerns retention or attrition versus compensation. Instrumentality is not about turnover; it focuses on the perceived connection between performance or behaviors and outcomes like pay. Therefore this option misstates the core link and is not a correct description of instrumentality.
Option 2: 'incentives and pay' — While incentives are related to motivating performance and are linked to pay in many systems, instrumentality specifically refers to the perceived link between the employee's behaviors or performance and the payoff (such as pay). This option partially overlaps with motivation concepts but does not capture the precise behavioral-pay pathway that instrumentality emphasizes.
Option 3: 'behaviors and pay' — This directly expresses the essential idea of instrumentality: employees perceive a connection between their behaviors (or performance) and the resulting pay or reward. This is the textbook alignment for instrumentality, making it the correct framing of the concept here.
Option 4: 'reinforcement and pay' — Reinforcement is a behavioral theory concept about how consequences reinforce or discourage behavior. While reinforcement can influence behavior, instrumentality is about the perceived causal link between behavior and outcomes (like pay), not the broader reinforcement paradigm itself. Thus this option describes a related idea but not the instrumentality construct as stated.
So, option 3 most accurately captures the intended link between behavior and pay that underpins instrumentality.

The main influence of compensation is on instrumentality, which can be described as the perceived link between Blank ______.

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