Which of the following effects may be experienced with overtraining?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When considering the effects of overtraining, it’s helpful to connect physiological stress responses to outcomes on the hormonal level and the resulting metabolic milieu.
Option 1: 'High levels of cortisol, which lead to a catabolic environment' This aligns with common understanding that chronic overtraining elevates cortisol, a glucocorticoid that promotes protein breakdown and can create a catabolic state, potentially impairing performance and recovery.
Option 2: 'Lower levels of cortisol, which lead to an anabolic environment' This would imply a reduced catabolic influence and a more anabolic state, which is not typically associated with overtraining; in fact, overtraining is usually linked to increased cortisol, not decreased.
Option 3: 'Elevated levels of cortisol, which lead to an anabolic environment' While cortisol can be elevated in overtraining, its primary association is catabolic effects (protein breakdown, muscle loss). Describing it as leading to an anabolic environment contradicts the well-established role of cortisol and is therefore incorrect in this context.
Option 4: 'Low levels of cortisol, which lead to an environment that is anabolic' Low cortisol would not explain the common overtraining symptoms such as fatigue, impaired recovery, and muscle breakdown; an anabolic environment is not the typical consequence of overtraining-related hormonal disruption.
In summary, the most consistent link to overtraining is a rise in cortisol that fosters catabolic processes, whereas the other options describe hormonal states that do not match the typical overtraining physiology.

KINE-3030-001 (Fall 2025) Chapter 6

Which of the following effects may be experienced with overtraining?

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