Karen Sarah is a Kadazandusun lady who has moved to the Klang Valley to seek for better job opportunities there. However, she faces problem in securing a job at the Ministry of Works even though she is highly qualified as a mechanical engineer with all necessary certificates and she has prior work experiences in the industry. When she asks the ministry officer of the reason that she did not get the job, she is shocked to hear that it is because she is a Christian woman from Sabah and they think that she cannot adapt to the working environment of the ministry because of that. The ministry has clearly violated the Malaysian Constitution since every Malaysian, including Karen Sarah, is entitled to [__________] that disallows any form of discrimination against any citizen on the ground only of religion, race, descent, place of birth, or gender.

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The scenario describes an issue where Karen Sarah faces discrimination in employment at the Ministry of Works based on religion and place of birth. To answer, we need to identify the constitutional protection that guards Malaysians against such discrimination.
Option analysis is not available here, so I will explain the relevant constitutional principle.
First, the Malaysian Federal Constitution enshrines the principle of equality before the law and non-discrimination. This is reflected in Article 8, which guarantees equality before the law and equal protection of the law, and prohibits discrimination against citizens on the grounds of religion, race, descent, place of birth, or gender. This means that any law or government action that treats a person unfavorably solely because of those intrinsic characteristics would violate the Constitution.
Next, consider the core idea of equality in this context: it ensures that all Malaysian citizens have the same legal protections and are not subjected to discriminatory practices by public institutions, such as the Ministry of Works. The central concept is not merely “treating everyone the same,” but ensuring non-discrimination so that qualified individuals are not barred from employment due to protected characteristics.
Why the stated answer is correct: saying that Karen Sarah is entitled to equality captures the constitutional commitment to equal treatment and protection against discrimination based on religion, race, descent, place of birth, or gender. Her qualifications and certifications should be evaluated on merit, not on her identity, and the state must uphold her right to equal opportunity in employment.
Why potential misunderstandings are incorrect: if one were to emphasize only “freedom of religion” or “freedom of association” or to suggest that discrimination is permissible in employment decisions for public offices, that would conflict with Article 8’s broad anti-discrimination stance. Similarly, suggesting “liberty” alone without the equality guarantee would miss the explicit prohibition on discriminatory practices in the public sector. Finally, any claim that discrimination is allowed if it relates to cultural or religious compatibility would misinterpret the constitutional protections, which prohibit such discrimination as a ground for depriving equality of opportunity.
In summary, the constitutional provision at issue protects equality and non-discrimination for all Malaysian citizens, including Karen Sarah, against discriminatory treatment by public sector employers on the listed protected characteristics.

MPU3202.4D.JUN2025 Fill in the Blanks

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