True or False? At the end of The Odyssey, the massive bloodshed between the people of Ithaca and Odysseus and his allies is prevented by the divine intervention of Zeus and Athena.

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True or False? At the end of The Odyssey, the massive bloodshed between the people of Ithaca and Odysseus and his allies is prevented by the divine intervention of Zeus and Athena.

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Question restatement: Is the claim that, at the end of The Odyssey, the massive bloodshed between the people of Ithaca and Odysseus and his allies is prevented by the divine intervention of Zeus and Athena true or false?
Option 1: True. This option asserts that Zeus and Athena intervene to prevent ongoing bloodshed at the end of the epic. While the gods do play a role in overseeing the resolution and in supporting Odysseus’s rightful reclaiming of his throne, the narrative does not depict a complete prevention of all violence. The climactic scene involves Odysseus, with support from Telemachus and some loyal followers, killing the disloyal suitors and punishments are meted out to those who wronged him. Zeus’s and Athena’s influence is more about legitimizing the outcome, restraining revenge, and restoring order rather than stopping all violence outright prior to these deaths. In short, the bloodshed surrounding the suitors has already occurred or is ongoing within the context of the confrontation, and the gods’ intervention centers on justice and peacekeeping rather than an absolute prevention of violence.
Option 2: False. This option contends that the assertion is not accurate. Evidence supporting this view includes the fact that the protagonist and his allies do engage in lethal action against the suitors, and the gods’ involvement serves to sanction or guide the process toward a rightful restoration of order rather than simply halting all violence beforehand. Athena’s guidance and Zeus’s authority are portrayed as establishing a stable outcome and discouraging further vendettas, but the epic’s ending does not depict a wholesale prevention of all massive bloodshed prior to or during the resolution itself. The sequence emphasizes consequences for arrogance and disloyalty, and the divine agents are instrumental in shaping a peaceful state after conflict rather than preventing the entire clash from occurring.
Option 1 vs Option 2 distinction: If one reads the ending as a blanket prevention of any violence by divine intervention, that reading conflicts with the concrete acts of punishment and decisive actions taken by Odysseus and his allies. On the other hand, if one understands the gods as ensuring that bloodshed does not spiral into larger vengeance and as guiding the restoration of order, the ending aligns more with Divine sovereignty over the rightful outcome rather than a simple cessation of all fighting. The nuance hinges on whether “massive bloodshed” is interpreted as ongoing combat being entirely halted by divine force, or as the broader epic arc in which divine powers sanction justice and curb further retaliation after the decisive confrontations have occurred.
Option 2 emphasizes the effect of divine influence as stabilizing and legitimizing rather than preventing every act of violence, making it a plausible reading of the conclusion. Option 1’s claim that the gods entirely prevent bloodshed is less consistent with the described events, where violence is already concluded through the killings and subsequent consequences rather than fully prevented by divine intervention.

CLAS 2220 AU2025 (16301) Module Exam 3: DUE Friday 12/12

True or False? At the end of The Odyssey, the massive bloodshed between the people of Ithaca and Odysseus and his allies is prevented by the divine intervention of Zeus and Athena.

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