Biocentrism holds that every living creature has ______.

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Question restatement: Biocentrism holds that every living creature has ______.

Option 1: Subservient rights. This option suggests that living beings exist to serve others or have rights that subordinate their own interests. Biocentrism does not frame life as primarily subordinate or instrumental to someone else; it emphasizes the inherent worth of living beings themselves.

Option 2: Instrumental value. Instrumental value means something is valuable as a means to an end for someone else. Biocentrism counters this by arguing that living beings have value in themselves, not merely as tools for human purposes.

Option 3: Contingent rights. Contingent rights imply that rights depend on particular conditions or contexts. Biocentric thought typically treats the value of living beings as inherent rather than condition-based, so this option mischaracterizes the foundational stance.

Option 4: Intrinsic value. This phrasing aligns with biocentrism’s core claim: every living creature possesses intrinsic value, meaning worth that exists independently of external use, utility, or perception by humans. This distinguishes intrinsic value from instrumental value and echoes the idea that beings have worth in themselves.

Synthesis across options: The contrast is between value that depends on usefulness or context (instrumental, contingent) and value that exists independently of such considerations (intrinsic). Biocentrism centers the intrinsic worth of all living beings, not merely their usefulness to humans. Therefore, among the choices, the statement reflecting intrinsic worth best captures the biocentric view.

FINA2720.MERGED.202610 Practice Sustainability Chapter 2 Quiz

Biocentrism holds that every living creature has ______.

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