According to the reading, which thinker fully fits with a non-anthropocentric view?

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Let’s begin by identifying the core prompt: the question asks which thinker fully fits with a non-anthropocentric view according to the reading, and we have five options to consider.
Option 1: Socrates in his Apology presentation. This choice centers on Socrates and his method of questioning; while he emphasizes virtue and the good, his writings are generally interpreted within a human-centered ethical framework rather than a stance that fully elevates non-human life as having intrinsic value. Therefore, this is unlikely to be the non-anthropocentric option.
Option 2: Aristotle in his Nicomachean Ethics. Aristotle builds a teleological framework focused on human flourishing (eudaimonia) and moral virtue rooted in human rational nature. His project is distinctly anthropocentric, prioritizing human purposes, so it does not align with a non-anthropocentric view.
Option 3: David Hume in his Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion. Hume critiques religious arguments and emphasizes empirical skepticism; while his work engages with natural religion and morality, it does not foreground a non-human intrinsic value framework. This does not clearly embody non-anthropocentrism as a central thesis.
Option 4: Plato in the Republic. Plato’s ideas center on justice, the forms, and the ideal state, with a heavy emphasis on human rational ordering of society. Although he discusses a broader metaphysical order, the focus remains anthropocentric in normative ethics and political thought, not a full non-anthropocentric stance.
Option 5: Albert Schweitzer in his Reverence for Life essay. Schweitzer explicitly argues for an ethic of reverence for all life, placing intrinsic value on living beings beyond strictly human concerns. This perspective is widely read as non-anthropocentric, extending moral worth beyond human beings to other living creatures.
Now, evaluating the options collectively, the strongest fit for a non-anthropocentric view is the one that centers an ethical concern for all life, not merely human life. The other thinkers are anchored in human-centric ethical or religious frameworks, lacking the same emphasis on intrinsic value across all living beings.
In light of this analysis, the most fitting choice would be Albert Schweitzer in his Reverence for Life essay, given his explicit commitment to an ethic that respects all life forms rather than privileging human interests.
It’s important to note where the other options fall short: Socrates, Aristotle, Plato, and Hume each advance theories that prioritize human concerns, rational capabilities, or empirical critique in ways that do not establish a universal non-anthropocentric ethical stance.
Finally, the reasoning above highlights that the non-anthropocentric stance is characterized by extending ethical consideration to non-human life, which Schweitzer articulates most directly among the given options.

Introduction to Ethics Quiz for Unit 5

According to the reading, which thinker fully fits with a non-anthropocentric view?

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Introduction to Ethics Quiz for Unit 5

According to the reading, which thinker fully fits with a non-anthropocentric view?

View Explanation

Log in for full answers

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_____________________ 哲学最初涵盖各种类型的研究，包括针对核能和有毒化学品部署等问题的应用伦理学。

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